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History

Fremantle is alive with history. The past and the present merge magnificently. The City is committed to preserving and protecting its heritage. Historic buildings are utilised by residents and business people bringing them back to life.

Fremantle's unique local identity has, in part, been shaped by historical events. Its history as a meeting place for Aboriginal people pre-European settlement; its physical location at the mouth of the Swan River; its history as the Western Gateway to Australia and the first point of arrival for many immigrants; its importance as a working harbour and fishing centre; its significant heritage buildings; its strong labour history; its arts, cultural and sporting activities, and its community spirit all shape Fremantle's identity.

History and Heritage Attractions

Fremantle - Time Line

1829

Capt C.H. Fremantle claimed the west coast of Australia for the British crown. First settlers landed.

1831

Round House built for use as gaol; first school opened.

1833

First town plan of Fremantle by Surveyor-General J.S.Roe.

1837

Two whaling companies operating at Bathers Bay. Construction of small breakwater and tunnel under Round House for transport of goods.

1848

Fremantle Town Trust established (Capt. Daniel Scott, Chairman).

1850

First convicts arrived aboard Scindian (June).

1851

Construction of Fremantle Prison began. Fremantle Literary Institute established.

1861

Construction of Fremantle Lunatic Asylum began; building completed 1865.

1866

Convict labour used to build first bridge over river at Fremantle.

1868

Last convicts arrived aboard Hougoumont.

1871

Municipal Corporations Act passed; Fremantle Town Council established (W.S.Pearse, Chairman).

1876

Six Fenian prisoners escaped aboard American whaler Catalpa.

1879

Reserve land (now Fremantle Park) vested in Fremantle Town Council.

1881

Perth – Fremantle railway opened.

1882

St John's Anglican Church built.

1883

Fremantle Municipal Council established (Barrington Wood, Mayor). Central Fremantle streets lit by gaslamps.

1887

Fremantle Town Hall opened 22 June. Telephone exchange opened in buidling the following year.

1895

North Fremantle gazetted as separate municipality. Fremantle Oval first used for football. Fremantle Hospital established.

1897

Fremantle Harbour opened with arrival of SS Sultan. Four new hotels opened. High Street (to Adelaide Street) paved with wooden blocks. East Fremantle gazetted as separate municipality.

1898

Fremantle Markets built; Mills & Ware opened.

1902

Death of C.Y.O’Connor; Princess May School opened.

1906

Fremantle Tramways opened. Sea baths built near Long Jetty.

1907

Fremantle Railway Station opened adjacent to Fremantle Harbour. Beginning of South Beach development as holiday destination.

1914 - 1918

Troops embark from Fremantle for WWI. Port used for naval and military purposes.

1919

Bloody Sunday 4 May; lumper Tom Edwards shot in waterfront industrial dispute. Spanish Flu epidemic.

1922

Uglieland fairground opened opposite railway station (later, Pioneer Park site); ran till 1936 raising funds for welfare.

1928

Fremantle War Memorial on Monument Hill unveiled Armistice Day, 11 November.

1929

Centenary of Fremantle’s foundation. Fremantle proclaimed a city 3 June; Frank Gibson first mayor.

1932

Hazel Orme Kindergarten opened: one of first in WA, served as model for future Kindergarten Union preschools.

1939

New traffic bridge opened. Beginning of Fremantle’s involvement as naval port in WWII.

1948

O’Connor Industrial area established. Beginning of postwar immigration programmes bringing migrant ships to Fremantle.

1949

Opening of Evan Davies Civic Library in former Fremantle Literary Institute building in South Tce (first wholly rate-supported library in WA).

1952

Closure of Fremantle tram service.

1958

Last students from Fremantle Boys’ and Princess May Girls’ Schools transferred to new John Curtin High School.

1961

North Fremantle re-joined Fremantle City Council.

1964

Fremantle Port Authority Building, Fremantle Passenger Terminal and North Fremantle Grain Silos all completed. New rail bridge (upriver from original bridge) opened.

1967

Esme Fletcher Day Nursery opened; also South Fremantle High School.

1969

Encounter Bay (first container ship at Fremantle) arrived28 March; official opening of first container berth 29 March.

1972

Former Fremantle Lunatic Asylum building restored; re-opened as Fremantle Arts Centre, 13 October. Fremantle Society founded.

1974

Stirling Traffic bridge opened 17 May.

1976

Stan Reilly Frail Aged Lodge opened; Fremantle Arts Centre Press founded.

1977

Nunzio Gumina introduced al fresco dining at Papa Luigi’s coffee shop in SouthTerrace, the start of development of the Capuccino Strip.

1979

Perth – Fremantle railway line closed 1 Sept.; re-opened 29 July 1983.

1984

Work commenced on Challenger Harbour in preparation for the America’s Cup.

1986-87

Fremantle hosted world championship sailing events: World 12 Metre Championships, America’s Cup Defence Series, Tall Ships Race. Fremantle Town Hall restored and refurbished.

1989

Former Fremantle Boys School re-opened as Perth Institute of Film and Television; later, Film and Television Institute (FTI).

1991

Closure of Richmond Raceway at East Fremantle; re-developed as residential sites. Fremantle Prison de-commissioned; building re-opened 1992 as cultural tourism site.

1993

Endeavour (historic barque replica) built in Fremantle, launched on 16 April.

1995

Fremantle Football Club (The Dockers) played first game.

1997

Fremantle Hospital, Fremantle Port Authority and Victoria Pavilion celebrated their centenaries.

2000

Booyeembara Park established on former Montreal Open Space site; designed and named to honour Aboriginal heritage.

2001 The Whalers tunnel was renovated and reopened to the public. Monument Hill listed on West Australian Heritage Register.
2002 Australian Maritime Museum on Victoria Quay opens. Woodside Maternity Hospital closes.
2003 Old Papa’s on South Terrace closes.
2004 Watson’s Butchers on High Street closes after 75 years. Fremantle Primary School Centenary.
2005 Fremantle Prison placed on new National Heritage List. John Curtin Statue in King’s Square unveiled.
2006 Roma Restaurant closes after 52 years. Duyfken leaves Fremantle.
2007 Royal George in East Fremantle handed over to the National Trust. Fire gutted National Hotel, which has been sold & will be restored. First ‘Cracker Night’ held on Australia Day at Fishing Boat Harbour.